Common Loon
Image: Art Weber/U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (Public domain)
NameCommon Loon
Common NameCommon Loon
Scientific NameGavia immer
FamilyGaviidae
Wingspan (cm)116.5
Length (cm)80.5
Weight (g)5200
Plumage DetailsIn breeding plumage, the Common Loon features a glossy black head and neck, bright red eyes, and a distinctive white-striped 'necklace' on its throat. Its back is black with neat rows of white spots and checks, while its belly is white. Winter plumage is duller, with gray-brown upperparts and white underparts.
Vocalization / CallCommon Loons have a diverse vocal repertoire, including a mournful wail, a laughing tremolo, a territorial yodel, and a soft hoot. These calls are often heard across northern lakes, especially at dawn and dusk.
Primary Dietpiscivore
Primary Habitatsfreshwater lakes, coastal waters
Conservation Statusleast-concern
Geographic RangeBreeds across Canada, Alaska, the northern United States, Greenland, and Iceland. Winters primarily along the Atlantic and Pacific coasts of North America, and in parts of Europe.
Identifying FeaturesRed eyes (in breeding plumage), Straight, dagger-like bill, Glossy black head and neck (in breeding plumage), White-striped 'necklace' on neck (in breeding plumage), Black-and-white checkered back (in breeding plumage), Low-riding profile on water
Description
The Common Loon is a large, diving waterbird known for its striking black and white breeding plumage and haunting calls. It is an expert swimmer and diver, spending most of its life on water and coming ashore only to nest.
