Common Loon
Image: trientalid (cc-by-nc)
NameCommon Loon
Common NameCommon Loon
Scientific NameGavia immer
FamilyGaviidae
Wingspan (cm)137
Length (cm)80
Weight (g)4400
Plumage DetailsIn breeding plumage, adults have a striking black head and bill, a white-striped black neck, a white breast, and a black-and-white checkered back. Non-breeding (winter) plumage, as seen in the image, is duller, with a dark gray-brown back, white underparts, and a pale throat and neck.
Vocalization / CallKnown for its distinctive and varied vocalizations, including a mournful wail, a laughing tremolo, and a yodel, often heard echoing across northern lakes.
Primary Dietpiscivore
Primary Habitatslarge freshwater lakes, ponds, rivers, coastal marine waters
Conservation Statusleast-concern
Geographic RangeBreeds across Canada, Alaska, Greenland, and the northern United States. Winters along the Pacific and Atlantic coasts of North America, and occasionally in Europe.
Identifying FeaturesLarge size, Sleek, torpedo-shaped body, Dagger-like bill, Distinctive calls (wail, tremolo, yodel), Excellent diving ability, Legs set far back on body, Black head and white-striped neck (breeding plumage), Duller gray-brown back and pale throat (non-breeding plumage)
Description
The Common Loon is a large, diving waterbird known for its haunting calls and powerful swimming. It has a sleek body adapted for aquatic life, with legs set far back, making it an expert diver and swimmer but clumsy on land.
