Gyrfalcon
Image: luis (cc-by-nc)
NameGyrfalcon
Common NameGyrfalcon
Scientific NameFalco rusticolus
FamilyFalconidae
Wingspan (cm)110
Length (cm)55
Weight (g)1300
Plumage DetailsPlumage varies significantly from nearly pure white (most common in Greenland) to dark grey-brown, with intermediate grey morphs being common. All morphs typically have barring or spotting on the underparts and a darker back, with a relatively faint malar stripe compared to other falcons.
Vocalization / CallVocalizations include harsh, rapid 'kek-kek-kek' or 'kree-kree-kree' calls, particularly when agitated or near the nest. They can also produce a softer 'wii-chup' call.
Primary Dietcarnivore
Primary Habitatsarctic tundra, rocky coasts, mountains, cliffs
Conservation Statusleast-concern
Geographic RangeCircumpolar, breeding in arctic and subarctic regions of North America, Europe, and Asia. Winters typically within its breeding range but may move south to more temperate areas in search of food.
Identifying FeaturesLargest falcon species, Broad-based, pointed wings, Powerful, direct flight, Variable plumage (white, grey, dark morphs), Faint malar stripe, Prefers open, treeless arctic and subarctic habitats
Description
The Gyrfalcon is the largest falcon species, a powerful and swift raptor adapted to cold arctic environments. It is known for its robust build, pointed wings, and direct, powerful flight, often hunting birds and mammals in open landscapes.
