Gyrfalcon
Image: lauramoth (cc-by-nc)
NameGyrfalcon
Common NameGyrfalcon
Scientific NameFalco rusticolus
FamilyFalconidae
Wingspan (cm)130
Length (cm)56
Weight (g)1400
Plumage DetailsPlumage varies significantly, ranging from pure white to dark gray-brown, with intermediate 'silver' morphs. All morphs typically have some degree of barring or spotting, especially on the underparts and tail. The bird in the image appears to be a darker morph, with a grayish-brown back and heavily barred underparts, a pale head, and bright yellow cere and orbital ring.
Vocalization / CallVocalizations include harsh, rapid 'kek-kek-kek' or 'kraa-kraa-kraa' calls, often given when agitated or defending a nest.
Primary Dietcarnivore
Primary Habitatstundra, rocky coasts, mountains, open country
Conservation Statusleast-concern
Geographic RangeCircumpolar Arctic and subarctic regions across North America, Europe, and Asia, breeding on cliffs and often wintering in slightly more southerly open areas.
Identifying Featureslarge size for a falcon, broad-based, pointed wings, powerful, direct flight, variable plumage (white, silver, dark morphs), yellow cere and feet, lack of a strong malar stripe (falcon 'mustache')
Description
The Gyrfalcon is the largest falcon species, known for its powerful flight and hunting prowess in Arctic environments. It typically preys on birds and small mammals, often flying low over the tundra or making swift stoops from high altitudes.
