Gyrfalcon
NameGyrfalcon
Common NameGyrfalcon
Scientific NameFalco rusticolus
FamilyFalconidae
Wingspan (cm)115
Length (cm)56.5
Weight (g)1450
Plumage DetailsPlumage is highly variable, ranging from nearly pure white (most common in Greenland) to light grey, dark grey, or even dark brown, often with barring or spotting. All morphs typically have dark wingtips and a relatively unpatterned head compared to other falcons.
Vocalization / CallVocalizations include harsh, rapid 'kree-kree-kree' calls, especially when agitated or defending a nest. They also produce softer 'chup' notes during interactions.
Primary Dietcarnivore
Primary Habitatstundra, coastal, mountain
Conservation Statusleast-concern
Geographic RangeCircumpolar Arctic and subarctic regions of North America, Europe, and Asia, breeding in the high Arctic and sometimes moving south in winter.
Identifying FeaturesLargest falcon, Broad-based wings, Long tail, Variable plumage (white to dark grey), Powerful, direct flight, Arctic habitat
Description
The Gyrfalcon is the largest falcon species, known for its powerful flight and predatory prowess in Arctic environments. Its plumage varies widely from pure white to dark grey, allowing it to blend into its snowy or rocky habitats. These formidable hunters primarily prey on other birds and small mammals, often employing swift, low-level pursuit.
