Common Loon
Image: lpattersonphd (cc-by-nc)
NameCommon Loon
Common NameCommon Loon
Scientific NameGavia immer
FamilyGaviidae
Wingspan (cm)137
Length (cm)74
Weight (g)4100
Plumage DetailsIn breeding plumage, adults have a black head and neck with a distinctive white-striped 'necklace,' a black back with white checkered patterns, and a white belly. In winter, they are duller, with a dark gray-brown back and a white throat and belly. The bird in the image appears to be in winter or juvenile plumage with a dark back and white chest.
Vocalization / CallKnown for a variety of distinctive calls including a mournful wail, a yodel (territorial call by males), a tremolo (alarm call), and a hoot, often heard across northern lakes.
Primary Dietpiscivore
Primary Habitatsfreshwater lakes, coastal waters, large rivers
Conservation Statusleast-concern
Geographic RangeBreeds across Canada, parts of the northern United States, Greenland, Iceland, and parts of Scotland. Winters along the Atlantic and Pacific coasts of North America and the coasts of Europe.
Identifying Featureslarge size, diving ability, distinctive calls, dagger-like bill, dark head and white necklace (breeding plumage), dark back and white belly (winter plumage)
Description
The Common Loon is a large, diving waterbird known for its striking black and white breeding plumage and haunting vocalizations. It is an expert swimmer and diver, spending much of its life on water, primarily on freshwater lakes during summer and coastal waters in winter.
