Arctic Tern
Image: Archer Lamason (cc-by-nc)
NameArctic Tern
Common NameArctic Tern
Scientific NameSterna paradisaea
FamilyLaridae
Wingspan (cm)80
Length (cm)36
Weight (g)100
Plumage DetailsAdults in breeding plumage feature a distinct black cap, white cheeks, and grey upperparts contrasting with white underparts. They have a blood-red bill and short red legs. The tail is deeply forked with long outer streamers. Non-breeding plumage shows a reduced black cap and a darker bill.
Vocalization / CallVocalizations include a harsh, grating 'kree-ah' or 'keer-ree' call, often used when disturbed or defending nesting sites. They also emit a sharper, rapid 'kik-kik-kik' alarm call.
Primary Dietpiscivore
Primary Habitatscoastal, tundra, open ocean, rocky islands
Conservation Statusleast-concern
Geographic RangeBreeds across Arctic and sub-Arctic regions of North America, Europe, and Asia. It undertakes the longest migratory journey of any bird, traveling annually from its northern breeding grounds to the Antarctic non-breeding grounds.
Identifying FeaturesLongest migratory journey of any bird, Black cap and red bill (breeding adults), Deeply forked tail with long streamers, Grey upperparts and white underparts, Agile, buoyant flight over water
Description
The Arctic Tern is a medium-sized seabird renowned for its epic annual migration between the Arctic and Antarctic. It exhibits graceful, agile flight with long, pointed wings and a deeply forked tail, perfectly adapted for its marine lifestyle.
